心理痛苦量表(PAS)
Holden等
13
Likert 5点计分,其中9个条目描述痛苦频率,1代表“Never”,5代表“Always”;4个条目反映痛苦强度,1代表“Strongly Disagree”,5代表“Strongly agree”。总分13~65分,得分越高,代表心理痛苦越严重。
包括痛苦频率(1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9)和痛苦强度(10、11、12、13)两个维度。
Holden, Ronald, R., Mehta, Karishma, & Cunningham, et al. (2001). Development and preliminary validation of a scale of psychache. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement.
1. I feel psychological pain.
2. I seem to ache inside.
3. My psychological pain seems worse than any physical pain
4. My pain makes me want to scream.
5. My pain makes my life seem dark.
6. I can't understand why I suffer.
7. Psychologically, I feel terrible.
8. I hurt because I feel empty.
9. My soul aches.
10. I can't take my pain any more.
11. Because of my pain, my situation is impossible.
12. My pain is making me fall apart.
13. My psychological pain affects everything I do.